Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

01 19 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag126

Paternal methylphenidate exposure alters sperm miRNAs and induces intergenerational behavioral and transcriptional changes that are largely reversed by washout

Open DOI

Kanata Akaike, Asuka Kaizaki-Mitsumoto, Satoshi Numazawa

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Methylphenidate (MPH), a first-line medication, is often used long-term and not routinely disc...

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02 12 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag137

Maternal PFOS Exposure Impairs β‑Cell Insulin Secretion and Glucose Tolerance in Rats

Open DOI

Alissa Hofmann, Pankaj Yadav, Ruolin Song et al.

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is epidemiologically linked to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the mechanisms remain undefined. We hypothesized that PFOS exposure impairs pancreatic β-cell function through mitochondrial dysf...

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03 9 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag134

Lipid Nanoparticle-Formulated Synthetic Messenger RNA Induces Reversible Hematopoietic Bias via Type I Interferon Responses Under Upper-Bound Inflammatory Conditions in Preclinical Animal Models

Open DOI

Jae-Hun Ahn, Na-Young Lee, Hee-Jin Bae et al.

Synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) is increasingly used for vaccines and therapeutics, yet the consequences of high-dose systemic exposure for bone marrow hematopoiesis remain poorly defined. We previ...

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04 7 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag135

Real-world river water organic pollutant mixture induces ovarian hyperandrogenism via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation

Open DOI

Samantha L Cheron, Kunlin Ou, Tingjie Zhan et al.

Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the real world. Most prior studies, however, focus on individual EDCs. Here, we investigated the ovarian impact of organic pollutant mixtures extracted fr...

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05 1 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag124

A multiparametric in vitro strategy for small molecule drug-induced liver injury risk mitigation in early drug development

Open DOI

Leah M Norona, Fjodor Melnikov, Tomomi Kiyota et al.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a major cause of preclinical and clinical attrition, reflecting persistent gaps in the predictive translation of preclinical safety data to human outcomes. To address these gaps, we established a ...

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06 1 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag133

Maternal Gestational and Lactational Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics Triggers Vascular Injury and Lipid Deposition in Mouse Offspring

Open DOI

Tan Ma, Yue Zhou, Chenghao Shen et al.

As pervasive environmental contaminants, nanoplastics (NPs) have garnered increasing concern due to their potential health hazards. However, the impact of gestational and lactational exposure to NPs on offspring vascular structural injur...

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07 1 October 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag106

Friend and foe?: metals as facilitators and disruptors of steroid nuclear receptor signaling

Open DOI

Kyle R Siegel, Christopher D Kassotis

Steroid hormone signaling, transduced by nuclear receptors (NRs), is essential for mammalian physiology. Like other transcription factors, NRs are structurally and functionally influenced by essential and nonessential metal ions. Here, w...

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08 29 September 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag132

Baseline Environmental Contamination Data and Model-based Screening of Children's Exposure-Risk Estimates from Metal(loid)-laden Vegetables and Soils

Open DOI

Brian Turyahabwe, Godswill J Udom, Modinat A Adefisayo et al.

Potentially toxic metal(loid) contamination of agricultural environments may pose serious public health concerns, particularly for children. This study assessed contamination of agricultural soils, irrigation water, and commonly consumed...

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09 29 September 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag129

Endothelial proteotoxic stress drives inhaled benzene-induced vascular inflammation in mice

Open DOI

Samantha A McFall, Marina V Malovichko, Nalinie S Wickramasinghe et al.

Benzene exposure is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet the mechanisms linking benzene to vascular injury remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the effects of benzene and its reactive metaboli...

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10 25 September 2026

DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfag130

The aryl hydrocarbon signaling pathway in the ovary changes throughout reproductive aging and in response to a mixture of phthalates over time in mice

Open DOI

Angela E Dean, Ramsés Santacruz-Márquez, Adira M Safar et al.

Phthalates are plasticizers and solvents used in numerous consumer products. Exposure to a phthalate mixture (Mix) alters estrous cyclicity, fertility indices, ovarian follicle dynamics, and steroidogenesis. In cultured antral follicles,...

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